Well, if you don't have a filter inside the engine, why not use one outside the engine?
I might recommend a filter rated for a low fewer microns than a normal oil filter. A
better one, which will remove more particles. You're not in a hurry, so the flow rate
of the filter doesn't matter. You're doing it offline. You could even filter it a few times
and see if that helps.
A major problem with cleaning old oil and re-using it, is that you don't replace the destroyed
VI's ... but that's not a problem for you. You're running straight grade, not multi-grade
with the plastic VI's. You don't even run dispersant (W) oil. If I were you, I probably would.
I might recommend some AvBlend for your crankcase, if you want to clean the inside
of your engine. It's a pretty good solvent, and it's even legal. If you're experimental there
are lots of other options. I have had best results with solvents like AvBlend when I
put fresh dispersant oil (eg W100) in the crankcase with it.
A peek at the pressure screen might be interesting. Odds are the solvent will dissolve
the carbon deposits but .... if you find debris in it, take your time and try to dissolve it
in some mineral spirits, rolling it inbetween your fingers. If it vanishes, you have nothing
to worry about.
If your pressure screen looks like this, your camshaft is gone:
Do you have a suction screen? Generally it's pretty coarse compared to the pressure
screen (which is pretty fine) and if you find stuff in the oil suction screen you can often
read part numbers on it. Probably not your problem.
I wish I didn't know all this stuff. Been poking at aircraft piston engines for over half
a century now. They're actually pretty simple, and if you keep them clean, run ok.
Oddly most people are not interested in operating engines to keep them clean inside,
and then they have problems.